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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing?
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Illusion - Is Seeing Really Believing (1998)(Marshall Media)[Mac-PC].iso
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rock_txt.cxt
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00251_Text_ref10t.txt
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1997-02-04
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55 lines
The most obvious answer to
the question of what makes
one figure look like another is
that it is the number of parts,
or "features," they have in
common. Some letters of the
alphabet, for instance, have
common features: both O and Q
contain an oval, both M and W
have four vertical or near
vertical lines, an E is an F
with an extra line, and so on.
However, the geometry of a
figureΓÇöΓÇôits shapeΓÇöΓÇôcan hardly
be reduced to a sum of its parts.
Consider the figures to the left.
If the parts of an E are
rearranged, there may be little
similarity between it and an E.
Clearly it is the position of the
parts relative to one another
that matters. If the relations
between the parts are
preserved, as is the case in
each of these variations, the
whole shape will remain
unchanged, despite rather
extreme changes in the parts
themselves. This was a point
the Gestaltists emphasized:
Visual and auditory patterns
depend upon stimulus
relations; if such relations are
preserved, a pattern can be
transposed without any effect
on the perceived similarity of
the whole. In music, one can
transpose a melody in key or
octave and preserve the
recognizability of the melody.
All or many of the parts, the
individual tones, are now
different from those in the
original melody, but the tonal
"steps" and rhythmical
relations are preserved. By the
same token, a visual pattern
can be transposed in size, in
the make-up of the contour,
and in the location of the
image on the retina without
altering its appearance very
much, if at all.